Neopilina nut trees and how to avoid it

Tech tip: why is neopilina nut trees and how to avoid it.
Achieving good crop of fruit depends not only on good soils or climatic conditions. In the plant world it is necessary to consider that not all flowers become fruit, that is, not all flowers are pollinated.
Today we will explain how neopilina colors, plastifitsirovannyj excessive pollination in walnuts, and how to prevent it is to get the best crop stress.

For that, we'll talk with an agronomist and researcher of the Institute of agricultural research (INIA) Gamalero a Lemus, who explains that the common reasons why flowers are not pollinated, can be summarized as follows:
- Flowers that are born defective, and therefore, do not become fruit.
- Secondly, there are flowers that receive pollen stimulation in the pollination, but there is no fusion of gametes, hence no seed formation.
- Can also be imperfect fertilization, when the egg has little strength, there is a collapse and subsidence.
"With this I'm trying to say that between pollination and fertilization, there is a continuous process of flowering, which does not give the time when the flower turns into the fruit."
Now, note that this occurs in all fruit, including fruit, but in walnut there is a feature, and it's a biological anomaly.
All living beings are guaranteed the maximum amount of pollen or sperm (in the case of animals), to ensure fertilization of the egg.
However, in walnuts, the opposite happens, an excess of pollen, causing damage and flower abortion.
"Consequently, a walnut falls because of the lack of pollen due to poorly formed eggs, but also has a abortion of flowers due to the harmful effects of excessive pollen," explains Lemus.
In different fruit types, there are different requirements for percentage fruit set to have a sufficient crop stress.
For example, in the case of the cherry, if there is a 5% opalenik flowers, the harvest is considered adequate, but in the case of walnuts a suitable load is 90% of the total number of flowers, that is, 90% of the colors must be converted to the fruits to be considered a good pollination.
"Therefore, what needs to be done is to give conditions walnut for the proper pollination of those varieties that need pollen," warns the researcher.
He explains that it's easy because in Chile there are two important commercial varieties of walnut, one of which is Chandler, which requires pollen from another variety to ensure a good harvest, especially when the tree is young.
"This sort of throws out the abortion due to an excess of pollen, the proportion of which varies between 5 and 15% from season to season."
On the other hand, variety Serr does not need pollen from another variety, and the abortion of the abundance of pollen can vary from 30 to 90%. "Therefore, when there were no tools to deal with excess pollen, the performance of varieties Serre depending on the year was high, medium or low," says Lemus.
With this serious problem in performance, walnuts, faced about 15 years ago, when it was discovered the cause of abortion due to an excess of pollen. This construction of the natural hormone of the wood, ethylene, which has several functions, and one of them is summoning the subsidence the ovary.
On the positive side it was found that, using a product that inhibits the formation of ethylene, avoid abortions from excess of pollen.
"This is a product that cuts off one of the links of the chain of events that must occur in the production of ethylene, ensuring that there will be no subsidence".
"In those years when we had 60 or 80% of abortions due to excess pollen, where was used an inhibitor of ethylene formation, the problem was reduced to 10-20%, leaving quite a reasonable crop load on the tree," he says.
The product should be applied when the female flower is receptive to pollen (approximately mid-September to the first days of October).
An inhibitory connection is aminoethoxymethyl, which is applied through the foliage.